Ergonomics in the Workplace

What is Ergonomics?

Ergonomics is “the scientific study of the relationship between people and their working environment with a view to improving safety, ease of action and efficiency.”¹

Goal of Ergonomics

The goal of ergonomics is to prevent ergonomics related hazards, which can contribute to musculoskeletal disorders. A musculoskeletal disorder (also known as MSD) is a soft tissue injury that can affect muscles, tendons, ligaments, joints and nerves².

Causes of MSDs

In the workplace, specific things that can cause a MSD are:

Fixed or constrained body positions
Continual repetition of movements
Force concentrated on small parts of the body, such as the hand or wrist
A pace of work that does not allow sufficient recovery between movements

Signs and Symptoms of MSD

Inflammation
Redness
Decreased range of motion
Loss of function
Tingling
Numbness
Stiffness
Pain/tenderness
Muscle weakness
Fatigue
Decreased grip strength

What can employers do?

Identify and assess job-related MSD hazards
Implement policies and procedures to reduce workers’ exposure to MSD hazards
Advise and train workers on MSD hazards in their jobs and workplaces
Encourage workers to report MSD symptoms or concerns to their employer/supervisor
Ensure preventative measures are working through re-assessments and follow ups

What can employees do?

Be aware of workplace health and safety policies and procedures
Report workplace hazards (including OHSA violations) to supervisor or employer
Know your rights to refuse unsafe work

References

Ontario Ministry of Labour (2013). Prevent Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) in Health Care Workplaces. Retrieved from http://www.labour.gov.on.ca/english/hs/sawo/pubs/fs_msd_healthcare.php
Mohawk College (2012). Occupational Health and Safety. Retrieved from http://www.mohawkcollege.ca/Page4882.aspx